What is the primary action of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) before administration?

The primary action of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, commonly known as Kayexalate, is centered around its ability to lower elevated potassium levels in the body. This medication works through the mechanism of ion exchange, where it releases sodium ions in exchange for potassium ions present in the gastrointestinal tract.

When administered, sodium polystyrene sulfonate exchanges its sodium for the potassium in the intestinal lumen, effectively sequestering potassium and facilitating its elimination from the body through feces. This process is crucial in treating hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), as maintaining appropriate potassium levels is vital for normal cellular function and cardiac health.

Understanding this mechanism helps healthcare professionals manage conditions effectively where potassium levels pose a risk, reinforcing why the action of releasing sodium in exchange for potassium is key to the medication's purpose and efficacy.